Linux服务器常用命令速查
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2026年6月22日
Git工作流命令
git config --global user.name "你的名字"
git config --global user.email "你的邮箱"
git status
git add .
git add -p
git commit -m "feat: 实现用户登录功能"
git commit -m "fix: 修复登录验证码BUG"
git commit -m "docs: 更新API文档"
git commit -m "refactor: 重构用户模块"
git branch
git checkout -b feature/login
git switch main
git fetch origin
git pull --rebase origin main
git push origin feature/login
git rebase main
git rebase -i HEAD~3
git stash
git stash pop
git reset --soft HEAD~1
git checkout -- file.txt
git log --oneline --graph
git diffCORS跨域解决方案
const express = require('express')
const cors = require('cors')
const app = express()
app.use(cors({
origin: ['https://你的域名.com', 'http://localhost:8080'],
methods: ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', 'OPTIONS'],
allowedHeaders: ['Content-Type', 'Authorization'],
credentials: true,
maxAge: 86400
}))
app.use((req, res, next) => {
res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*')
res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST, OPTIONS')
res.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Content-Type')
if (req.method === 'OPTIONS') {
return res.sendStatus(200)
}
next()
})Linux常用命令
ls -la
cd /path
pwd
mkdir dirname
rm filename
rm -rf dirname
cp source dest
mv old new
chmod +x script.sh
cat filename
head -20 filename
tail -100 filename
tail -f filename
grep "关键词" filename
grep -r "关键词" .
find . -name "*.log"
top
htop
df -h
du -sh *
free -h
ps aux
ps aux | grep node
netstat -tlnp
ss -tlnp
systemctl start nginx
systemctl status nginx
journalctl -u nginx -f
curl https://example.com
wget https://文件地址
ping 域名.comDocker常用命令
docker build -t myapp .
docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name myapp myapp
docker ps
docker ps -a
docker stop myapp
docker start myapp
docker restart myapp
docker rm myapp
docker rmi myapp
docker logs myapp
docker logs -f myapp
docker exec -it myapp bash
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose down
docker-compose logs -fNginx配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com;
root /var/www/html;
index index.html index.php;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
expires 30d;
add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
}
}Shell脚本模板
#!/bin/bash
set -e
LOG_FILE="/var/log/deploy.log"
log() {
echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
}
log "开始部署..."
cd /var/www/app
git pull origin main
composer install --no-dev
php artisan migrate --force
log "部署完成!"最佳实践
精通IDE快捷键，使用代码片段减少重复输入，设置Shell别名简化长命令，脚本化重复任务，用英文搜索获得更好结果，注释解释"为什么"而不是"做什么"，定期进行Code Review。
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